In a small bowl, put 4 sun-dried tomatoes and add boiling water to cover. Let stand minutes to soften, then drain and chop coarsely.
Rinse a 1 pound cauliflower piece, cut off the leaves and hard stalks. Cut into chunks, and put in the bowl of a food processor fitted with the steel blade. Process until the size of couscous; it will be irregular. Transfer to a bowl but don't rinse the food processor bowl.
Put a large pot of abundant water to boil for cooking the pasta.
Add 1 medium shallot, pinch red pepper flakes, ½ cup almonds, 2 ounces Parmesan cheese, 1 tablespoon capers, drained, chopped sun-dried tomatoes and 2 tablespoons chopped fresh parsley to the processor bowl. Process until they're as fine as the cauliflower.
Add ⅓ cup olive oil and 1 teaspoon red wine vinegar and pulse until a paste forms. If you feel it's too dry for your taste, add another tablespoon of olive oil.
Transfer to the bowl with the cauliflower, add ¼ teaspoon salt and pinch black pepper, or to taste.
Cook 1 pound linguini until al dente in abundant salted water according to the package directions. Drain and transfer to a bowl (it can be the serving bowl).
Add half of the pesto and mix gently. Add the remaining pesto, sprinkle with grated Parmesan cheese and 1 tablespoon chopped parsley leaves and serve immediately.
If you don't use all the pesto, refrigerate it in a covered jar or airtight container.